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Physiological relevance of futile cycling based on lipolysis and fatty acid re-esterification in white adipose tissue
Funda, Jiří ; Flachs, Pavel (advisor) ; Kolář, David (referee)
AJ The thesis deals with the task of futile metabolic cycling, mainly on the cycle including lipolysis and fatty acid re-esterification, which takes place in white adipose tissue. This cycle plays some essential roles in organism, including regulation of important metabolic pathways in lipid metabolism and also exhibit certain influence on the whole body energy metabolism. First part of the thesis is focused on general properties of futile metabolic cycles and shows some examples of their functions in organism. Next part presents detail view on single steps making the whole lipolysis/re-esterification cycle. Considerable part deals with the ways of regulation of futile cycle activity. This approach may increase an impact of futile cycling on processes under its influence. Physiological relevance of futile metabolic cycle based on lipolysis and fatty acid re-esterification in white adipose tissue was described in numerous studies. This thesis shows their results for a purpose to provide a summary of functions of this system in physiology of mammals. Key words futile metabolic cycle, lipolysis, re-esterification, fatty acids, adipose tissue
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The metabolism of an adipose tissue in mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity: the role of anatomical localization of the tissue and diet composition
Krsková, Kateřina ; Janovská, Petra (advisor) ; Behuliak, Michal (referee)
Regulation of the flow of fatty acids (FA) by futile cycle (TAG/FA cycle) in white adipose tissue (WAT) is an important mechanism of controlling metabolism of FA and therefore its regulation is in the interest of research as a possible therapeutic target in the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance. The study of the murine model suggests that the treatment of the n-3 PUFA with mild caloric restriction (CR) probably induces the TAG/FA cycle mainly in epididymal depot. It also reduces inflammation in WAT and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. We focused on monitoring the gene expression encoding key enzymes of the TAG/FA cycle (PEPCK, ATGL, HSL, DGAT1 and DGAT2) in dorzolumbar (DL), gonadal (GON) and mesenteric (MEZ) depot in a murine model C57BL/6 using qPCR. We were interested in the influence of the composition of fats in the diet, the influence of administration of n-3 PUFA with combination of 10% CR and the difference of gene expression among depots of WAT. The results indicate that the supplementation of high-fat diet with n-3 PUFA contributes mainly to reduction of gene expression for DGAT2 and the combination of n-3 PUFA and CR increases expression of genes influencing the TAG/FA cycle. In MEZ unlike GON and DL fat depot were no significant differences in gene expression, while the different...
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Physiological relevance of futile cycling based on lipolysis and fatty acid re-esterification in white adipose tissue
Funda, Jiří ; Flachs, Pavel (advisor) ; Kolář, David (referee)
AJ The thesis deals with the task of futile metabolic cycling, mainly on the cycle including lipolysis and fatty acid re-esterification, which takes place in white adipose tissue. This cycle plays some essential roles in organism, including regulation of important metabolic pathways in lipid metabolism and also exhibit certain influence on the whole body energy metabolism. First part of the thesis is focused on general properties of futile metabolic cycles and shows some examples of their functions in organism. Next part presents detail view on single steps making the whole lipolysis/re-esterification cycle. Considerable part deals with the ways of regulation of futile cycle activity. This approach may increase an impact of futile cycling on processes under its influence. Physiological relevance of futile metabolic cycle based on lipolysis and fatty acid re-esterification in white adipose tissue was described in numerous studies. This thesis shows their results for a purpose to provide a summary of functions of this system in physiology of mammals. Key words futile metabolic cycle, lipolysis, re-esterification, fatty acids, adipose tissue
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